Folio 5 recto from the Book of Kells; table of Eusebian Canons.

Eusebian canons, Eusebian sections or Eusebian Apparatus — also known as Ammonian Sections — are the system of dividing the four Gospels used between late Antiquity and the Middle Ages before the modern chapter and verse scheme.

There are about 1165 Eusebian sections: 355 for Matthew, 235 for Mark, 343 for Luke, and 232 for John; the numbers, however, vary slightly in different manuscripts.

Stephen Cardinal Langton, Archbishop of Canterbury, is believed to be the one who divided the Bible into the standard modern arrangement of chapters. While Cardinal Hugo de Sancto Caro is also known to come up with a systematic division of the Bible (between 1244 and 1248), it is Langton’s arrangement of the chapters that remains in use today.

The first person to divide New Testament chapters into verses was Italian Dominican biblical scholar Santi Pagnini (1470–1541), but his system was never widely adopted. Robert Estienne created an alternate numbering in his 1551 edition of the Greek New Testament which was also used in his 1553 publication of the Bible in French. Estienne’s system of division was widely adopted, and it is this system which is found in almost all modern bibles.